ODRs are a primary measure of how schools / students are “doing”. Schools are encouraged to develop a consistent data collection process that allows for accurate documentation of all “time out of academic instruction”. This “time out of academic instruction” can be behavior that is relatively “minor” and as a result teacher managed and spent in a “time out” or in a “buddy room” and typically coded as a Minor. Or the behavior may rise to the level of being severe and typically office managed and coded as a Major offense.
Schools should consider the entry of ODR information as process monitoring data entry for behavior, much the same as progress monitoring for academic achievement. Schools should have a form that allows the efficient and effective collection information regarding important contextual factors surrounding the inappropriate "http://www.swis.org/">School Wide Information System (SWIS). SWIS allows for reporting schoolwide, as well as reporting focused on behavior, locations, periods of time, groups of students (e.g., grade levels), as well as for individual students.
ODRs should first and foremost be analyzed on a SCHOOLWIDE basis. Schools are encouraged to use a standardized process such as the Big Five Data Review Guide that uses the logic of the "science of behavior" to focus discussions and intervention planning. From this Big 5 Report the school can begin to assess:
• how are we doing (relative to national statistics)?
• where are we seeing improvement or maintenance of improvement?
• where do we need to investigate further to plan interventions for improvement?
For schools that use SWIS generating a Big 5 Report is a relatively simple process once all the ODR data has been entered into the online database. For schools that do not have SWIS for entry of ODR data the raw data from their district data system can be downloaded and entered in a Big 5 Generator (excel file) that will be described more in detail below.
Resources For ODR Analysis |
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A BIG FIVE Report provides a graphic, ONE PAGE illustration of the time out of instruction based on contextual variables of: 1. office referrals per day per month, 2. the location of the problem behaviors, 3. the type of problem behaviors, 4. the time the problem behaviors occur, and 5. how many children were referred for problem behaviors. Many schools throughout Missouri and the United States use a web based date entry and reporting system called School Wide Information System (SWIS). SWIS allows for reporting schoolwide, as well as reporting focused on behavior, locations, periods of time, groups of students (e.g., grade levels), as well as for individual students. There are links below to facilitate report generating using SWIS. |
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Standardized format for schools to use in their data analysis of Monthly Big 5 Office Disciplinary Referral Reports for “Major Referrals” and decision making process. V1 focuses on developing a problem statement and selection of a schoolwide replacement behavior form the school’s SW-PBS Matrix. This version is best for teams new to learning Big 5 "logic". |
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| Standardized format for schools to use in their data analysis of Monthly Big 5 Office Disciplinary Referral Reports for “Major Referrals” and decision making process. V2 includes 1) developing a problem statement and selection of a schoolwide replacement behavior from the school’s SW-PBS Matrix, 2) a process for school to assess antecedent and consequence interventions currently in place, and 3) a structure for action planning based on the data. This form best serves teams that have had prior experience developing problem statements and choosing schoolwide replacement behaviors. |
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SWIS Data Summary for 2010-2011 (schools will use statistics from previous year's summary)
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Summary of Major (aka “office managed”) Behavioral Referrals entered into the SWIS database by 4.634 schools; from 2,394,591 students; and 1,802,178 MAJOR ODRs |
| Big 5 Generator |
This tool is an Excel file that allows schools to enter the Big 5 data (rate per day per month, problem behavior, location, time of day, and by students) and generate the graphs for a Big 5 Report. Also helpful are the directions for the Big 5 Generator for use when looking for the needed data within the school's data collection system. Embedded within the Big 5 Generator Schools will find additional tools: Per Day Per Month Calculating an average for Per Day Per Month can be done using this Excel formatted Per Day Per Month Generator, which was developed using the statistics posted on School Wide Information System (SWIS) 2010-2011 SWIS Summary (details above). Schools enter their "official count day" total number of students and they will get an average, as well as low and high range using national averages and standard deviations for their population's grade level. Triangle Report Schools frequently wish to view their ODR data by student, separating students into levels of support by 0-1 ODRs Tier 1(universal level), 2-5 ODRs Tier 2 (targeted / secondary level), 6+ ODRs Tier 3(intensive / tertiary level). This Excel formatted Triangle Generator allows schools to enter the percentage of students in each level for any given period of time, and a 3 color graphic triangle will be generated. Schools can choose to generate the triangle on its own, or beside a triangle of national statistics (from SWIS 2010-2011 data), for a comparison. The Triangles are formatted for grades K-6, 6-9, 9-12 and K-8 / K-12. |
| Cost Benefit Calculator | This Excel file is a tool developed by Maryland PBIS. Schools enter total office discipline referrals for years in question, document their perception of the average number of minutes lost by administrators and average instructional minutes lost by student per referral. Then the calculator will graph minutes, hours and days gained year to year. |